January 5, 2003

U.S. Interventions in Other Countries, 1945-2002

Afghanistan 1979-92 Aiding fundamentalists, including the Taliban, which later took over the country.

2001 War to crush to Taliban and install the puppet government of Hamid Karzai.

Albania 1949-53 Support of monarchists, Nazis and fascists against the communist government.

1991-92 Support for the opposition to the communist government.

Angola 1975-80 Support for Jonas Savimbi, head of UNITA.

Australia 1972-75 Help in the Adismissal@ of Edward Gough Whitlam.

Bolivia 1964-75 Support for the military in its overthrow of President Victor Paz (1964). Help in the capture of Cuban leader Che Guevara (1967).

Brazil 1961-64 Support for the military in its overthrow of President Joao Goulart.

British Guiana/Guyana 1953-64 Forcing democratically-elected Cheddi Jagan from office.

Bulgaria 1990-91 Support for the Union of Democratic Forces against the Socialist Party, prior to elections.

Cambodia 1955-73 ACarpet bombing@(1969-70). Overthrow of Prince Sihanouk (1970). Support of Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge after 1979 when they were defeated by the Vietnamese.

Chad 1981-82 Support for the installment of dictator Hissen Habre.

China 1945-51 Support of Chiang Kai-shek (Nationalist), against Mao Tse-tung (Communist).

Chile 1964-73 Sabotaging Salvador Allende=s campaign (1964). Support of a coup in which President Allende was killed and General Augusto Pinochet installed (1973).

Colombia 1990-Present Help to the government for counterinsurgency under the mask of a counter-drug policy.

Congo/Zaire 1960-65 Assassination of Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba (1961).

1977-78 Support of Dictator Mobutu Sese Seko.

Costa Rica 1950's, 1970's Attempt to overthrow liberal President Jose Figueres. Two assassination attempts against him.

Cuba 1959-2002 Sabotage to try to bring another government in power.

Dominican Republic 1963-65 Tacit support for a coup ousting liberal, democratically- elected President Juan Bosch (1963). Prevention of his reinstatement (1965).

East Timor 1975-99 Support for the Indonesian invasion of East Timor (1975). Military aid to Indonesia, including during the period prior to the East Timor referendum for independence (1999).

Ecuador 1960-63 Ousting of Anon-aligned@ President Jose Maria Velasco.

Egypt 1956-58 Attempts to overthrow or assassinate President Gamal Abdul Nasser.

El Salvador 1980-92 Support for the dictatorship against dissidents.

Fiji 1987 Help in the ouster of democratically-elected Prime Minister Timoci Bavrada.

France 1947 Support for the Socialists against the Communists.

1960's Support of the French military in blocking Algeria=s independence. Attempted assassination of French President Charles de Gaulle.

Ghana 1966 Support for the ouster of nationalist leader, Kwame Nkrumah.

Guatemala 1953-90's Support for the military in its overthrow of progressive, democratically-elected President Jacobo Arbenz.

Germany 1950's Sabotage against the left, both in West and East Germany.

Greece 1947-49 Support of the neo-fascists against the left.

1967-74 Support for a coup before elections in which George Papandreou was certain to be re-elected prime minister.

Grenada 1979-83 Destabilization of the government of Maurice Bishop. Invasion of the Island (1983).

Haiti 1959 Preventing an attempt to overthrow of Dictator Francois Duvalier.

1987-94 Opposition to democratically-elected Jean-Bertrand Aristide. Delaying his return for more than two years after he was ousted in a 1991 military coup.

Honduras 1980's Use of Honduras as a military base to support the counter-insurgence operations in El Salvador and Guatemala.

Indonesia 1957-58 Attempts to overthrow and plotting the assassination of nationalist President Sukarno.

1965 Support for the ouster of Sukarno and his replacement by General Suharto.

Italy 1947-70's Support for the Christian Democrats against the Socialists and Communists.

Iran 1953 Support for the overthrow of nationalist Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadegh and the restoration of the Shah to absolute power.

Iraq 1958-63 Assassination attempt against Gen. Abdul Karim Kassem and later for his overthrow and execution.

1972-75 Support of the Kurds in their fight for autonomy, then their abandonment to their fate.

1990-Present War against Iraq, after which the continuation of missile launches and insistence on the continuation of sanctions.

Jamaica 1976 Attempt to defeat the re-election of nationalist Prime Minister Michael Manley.

Jordan 1956-58 Support of the pro-U.S. government.

Korea 1945-53 Support for conservatives against popular progressives.

1950-53 Korean War.

1980 Help to South Korean military strongman Chun Doo Hwan in his suppression of an uprising in Kwangju.

Laos 1957-73 Support of coups against the Pathet Lao in 1958, 1959 and 1960. Bombing of the country, 1965-73.

Lebanon 1956-58 Support of the government.

Lybia 1981-89 Shooting down two Libyan airplanes in Libyan air space (1981). Bombing of one of the residences of leader Moammar Qaddafi (1986). Assassination attempts against Qaddafi.

Marshall Islands 1946-58 Forcing Bikini Atoll residents to relocate to make way for U.S. nuclear tests.

Mexico 1990-Present Help in crushing the native American Zapatista movement.

Nicaragua 1978-80 Destabilization of the Sadinista government after the overthrow of the Somoza dictatorship in 1979.

1990 Help to the Sandinista opposition during the elections

Panama 1989 Invasion of Panama to Aget@ Manuel Noriega.

Peru 1965 Crushing guerrilla groups high in the Andes.

1990's Support for dictator Alberto Fujimori.

Philippines 1945-53 Support for dictator Ferdinand Marcos.

1970's-90's Help in the government=s counter-insurgency campaign.

Portugal 1974-76 Destabilization of the liberal, nationalist government which deposed the fascist regime.

Uruguay 1969-72 Help in crushing the Tupamaros, a Robin Hood-like urban guerrilla movement.

Seychelles 1979-81 Destabilization of the government of France Albert Rene.

Somalia 1993 Undermining the dominant warlord, Mohamed Aidid.

South Africa 1960's-1980's Help to the apartheid government, including in its capture of African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela.

South Yemen 1979-84 Help to South Yemen against North Yemen.

Soviet Union 1940's-60's Intelligence gathering, assassinations, sabotage, support of resistance movements, anti-Soviet propaganda campaign.

Surinam 1982-84 Plotting the overthrow of the nationalist government.

Syria 1956-58 Two attempts to overthrow the Government.

Vietnam 1945-73 War against the Ho Chi Minh led government.

Thailand 1965-73 Support of the military government.

Venezuela 2001 Support for an attempted coup against President Hugo Chavez.

Yugoslavia 1995-99 Intervention against dictator Slobodan Milosevic in his attempt to prevent the province of Kosovo from withdrawing from the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1999).

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Summarized from Blum, William, Rogue State B A Guide to the World=s Only Superpower (Common Courage Press, Monroe, Maine), 2000. Data after 2000 were added by me.